Does it mean that there's a huge difference in heights on each side of the line?
Of course not!
All it means is that it's unlikely that we would see these results if the true distribution of heights
was
exactly the same on both sides of the line, so we declare statistical
significance.
This is of course a bit of a silly, because we probably don't care whether things are exactly the
same
on both sides of the line, but this is what many statistical analyses are designed to test.
Instead, we probably care about how big the difference is between each side of the line, which
is
known
as the effect size.
As you can see, there's a very small difference in average heights between both sides of the line. And of
course not everyone is average.
In short, statistical significance doesn't mean practical
significance.